What does CMMC stand for? [And Why you'll be hearing it more]

Hey there! Today I'm going to demystify CMMC - a term that's causing both confusion and concern across thousands of businesses working with the Department of Defense.

April 18, 2025

If you're a contractor or subcontractor who handles government information, this acronym will soon impact your business operations in significant ways.

In this post, you'll learn:

  • What CMMC actually stands for
  • Why the Department of Defense created this framework
  • What the different CMMC levels mean for your business
  • Why you'll be hearing about it much more in 2025
  • How to prepare your organization

Let's dive in before this cybersecurity requirement catches you off guard.

What Does CMMC Stand For?

CMMC stands for Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification.

It's the Department of Defense's standard for implementing security requirements to protect controlled unclassified information (CUI) across the Defense Industrial Base (DIB).

Think of it as the government's way of ensuring that contractors who handle sensitive information are taking appropriate cybersecurity measures.

But it's not just another compliance checkbox.

CMMC represents a significant shift in how the DoD approaches cybersecurity requirements for its contractors.

Previously, contractors could self-attest to their compliance with cybersecurity standards.

Now, third-party assessments will verify that organizations actually implement the required controls.

Why CMMC Was Created

The DoD created CMMC for one simple reason: too many contractors weren't properly protecting sensitive government information.

While defense contracts have contained cybersecurity requirements for years through DFARS clause 252.204-7012, many contractors either ignored these requirements or implemented them without the necessary rigor.

The result?

Valuable controlled unclassified information was vulnerable to theft or compromise.

CMMC aims to fix this problem by establishing clear requirements and verification mechanisms.

It's not about making life difficult for contractors.

It's about protecting national security information that, while unclassified, still has significant value to the United States.

The Three CMMC Levels

CMMC consists of three certification levels, each building upon the previous one:

Level 1: Basic Cyber Hygiene

15 basic safeguarding requirements

Required for contractors handling Federal Contract Information (FCI)

Corresponds to FAR 52.204.21 requirements

  • Level 2: Intermediate Cyber Hygiene
  • 110 requirements corresponding to NIST SP 800-171 Rev 2
  • Required for contractors handling Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI)

More comprehensive security controls

Level 3: Advanced Cyber Hygiene

Includes additional controls to address Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs)

  • Required for contractors handling particularly sensitive CUI
  • Highest level of protection
  • Each level is designed to increase an organization's ability to protect sensitive information from increasingly sophisticated threats.

Why You'll Hear More About CMMC in 2025

In early 2025, the DoD is anticipated to begin requiring CMMC certification for every organization that handles CUI.

This isn't something you can implement in a week or two.

  • For many organizations—especially small businesses—CMMC presents two major challenges:
  • It's expensive to implement
  • The requirements were designed with large organizations in mind

When CMMC becomes mandatory on contracts, organizations will face a difficult choice: invest in certification or lose DoD business.

This will trigger what some experts predict will be a "panic" as organizations realize certification is now a business necessity rather than an optional best practice.

Wrapping up

CMMC is coming, and it will fundamentally change how defense contractors approach cybersecurity.

While implementing these requirements may seem daunting, especially for smaller organizations, the alternative—losing defense contracts—is often not an option.

The time to start preparing is now.

Understanding what CMMC stands for is just the beginning.

The real work lies in understanding how these requirements apply to your specific organization and taking concrete steps toward implementation and eventual certification.

Your future DoD business depends on it.