What is CMMC Compliance? [Explained for Small Teams]

Are you a small business working with the Department of Defense (DoD)?

April 25, 2025

Introduction

Then you've probably heard whispers about something called "CMMC compliance."

It might sound intimidating, but I'm here to break it down in simple terms.

Today, I'll walk you through what CMMC really means for your small team.

No complex jargon or confusing government-speak.

Just practical information you can actually use.

In this article, you'll learn:

  • What CMMC actually is (and why it exists)
  • The different CMMC levels and what they mean for you
  • How to approach compliance without breaking the bank
  • Practical first steps for small teams

What is CMMC and Why Should You Care?

CMMC stands for Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification.

It's the Department of Defense's standard for protecting sensitive information across their supply chain.

Think of it as the DoD's way of making sure everyone handling their data is keeping it safe.

Why does this matter to you?

Because starting in early 2025, the DoD will require CMMC certification for any organization that handles what they call Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI).

No certification? No contracts.

It's that simple.

For small teams, this presents both a challenge and an opportunity.

The challenge is implementing security practices that were often designed with larger organizations in mind.

The opportunity is standing out from competitors by getting compliant early.

Breaking Down the CMMC Levels

CMMC has three distinct levels, each building on the previous one:

Level 1 - Foundational Practices

This level applies if you handle Federal Contract Information (FCI).

It includes 15 basic requirements from FAR 52.204-21.

These are fundamental cybersecurity practices that most businesses should already be doing.

Level 2 - Advanced Practices

This is required if you handle Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI).

It includes 110 requirements based on NIST SP 800-171 Rev 2.

This is where things get more complex for small teams.

Level 3 - Expert Practices

This level adds additional controls for organizations handling CUI that faces higher risks from Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs).

Only needed for the most sensitive defense work.

Most small contractors will need to achieve Level 1 or Level 2 compliance.

The Small Team's Biggest CMMC Challenges

Let's be honest about what you're facing.

For small teams, CMMC presents two major hurdles:

First, it can be expensive to implement proper security controls.

Background checks alone can cost around $30 per employee.

And that's just one tiny piece of the compliance puzzle.

Second, many requirements were designed with large organizations in mind.

They don't always translate well to a five-person shop.

But here's the good news: you can optimize your approach.

Smart Compliance: The Scope Strategy

Want to know the secret weapon for small teams approaching CMMC?

It's all about scope management.

Your "CMMC scope" defines where your controlled documents can be and how they're limited to that area.

By carefully defining this scope, you can potentially exclude portions of your business from CMMC requirements completely.

This means:

  • Fewer computers needing expensive security services
  • Fewer employees requiring special training
  • Lower overall compliance costs

The key is to minimize assets within your CMMC scope without compromising your ability to handle DoD information properly.

This isn't about cutting corners—it's about being strategic.

First Steps for Small Teams

Feeling overwhelmed?

Let's break this down into manageable first steps:

1.Determine which CMMC level applies to you

Do you handle CUI or just FCI? This determines whether you need Level 1 or Level 2.

2. Conduct a readiness assessment

Before spending money on solutions, understand your gaps.

This will help you develop a realistic budget and timeline.

3. Define your CMMC scope

Identify which systems and people absolutely need access to DoD information.

The smaller your scope, the easier compliance becomes.

4. Document your existing practices

You may already be doing many things right without realizing it.

Document these practices as evidence for your assessment.

5. Create a prioritized action plan

Focus on the highest-risk gaps first, then work your way down the list.

Wrapping up

CMMC compliance isn't something you can throw together in a week or two.

It requires thoughtful planning and implementation.

But for small teams willing to put in the work, it's absolutely achievable.

Remember that while CMMC might feel like just another regulatory burden, it's actually making your business more secure.

And in today's threat landscape, that's something worth investing in.

What you've learned today is just the beginning of your CMMC journey.

The path might seem challenging, but with the right approach, your small team can navigate it successfully.